Human and Computer Interaction Models

Thebestindonesia.com – Human and Computer Interaction or HCI is a communication problem between humans and computers, and this communication needs to be modeled. For this reason, this chapter will discuss interaction models.

The Layered Communication Model

Some things that need to be learned in this model are as follows:

1. HCI: communication style
2. Purpose: the transfer of information between participants can run smoothly
3. Goal: the occurrence of a behavior change.

Characteristics of the Layered Communication Model

1. The user influences the computer system, while the designer influences the user through the system.
2. Information transfer can be seen through several layers.
3. Each Layer forms a reliable solid and is transparent to the Layer above it.
4. Each Layer provides structured information to the Layer below it—one of them: physical, syntactic, and semantic layers.

Layered Communication Model/Form

1. Physical Layer: humans are physically associated with machines.
2. Syntactic Layer: more structured information messages can be received by an application through the syntax structure of the message.
3. Semantic Layer: there is a transfer of meaning/purpose.

System Transparency Model

Things to know about this model are as follows:

Human = Computer = System = Partner, interact by doing an action (need each other).

1. Action: the reality that appears in the mind of one of the systems.
2. Transparent: a system that shows how it works consistently and rationally, regardless of low-level implementation.

Characteristics of the System Transparency Model

1. It does not hide its functions.
2. It doesn’t obscure the problem.
3. Well-structured, consistent, and understandable.
4. Guarantees that the interface can fulfill the user’s description of his partner.

Basic Concepts of Information and Procedures

1. Conventions about how interactions should take place.
2. The meaning of each partner.
3. The self-image that contains an individual’s orientation to the world
4. Partner model: a model of who the “partner” is.
5. Knowledge of the world constrains interaction in some form.
6. Actions that produce messages about how to treat the world.

Rasmussen model

In this model, discussed are:

Consideration of 2 (two) factors in humans:

1. Conscious factors: information processing capacity (memory, perception, skills, etc.).
2. Subconscious factors: desires, assumptions, feelings, power, etc.

In a working system, human skill performance must be developed and maintained.

Three aspects of Rasmussen’s model:

1. Users are an integral system with a common goal, controls that are understood by each other, and information mechanisms.
2. The user works by exercising conscious control processes with information from the unconscious.
3. Various user strategies are used to detect discrepancies between the system state and the user’s internal model.

Rasmussen Model Performance Levels

1. Skill-based works are based on signals and are bridged internally by simple form signs.
2. Rules-based, work on sign basis, bridged by rule base with symbol development.
3. A solid knowledge base bridges knowledge-based works on symbols and.

User Models

Things to note in this model are as follows:

1. Emphasizes personality, cognition, and ability to change factors.
2. Purpose: to help adjust the facilities provided by the system to the user’s needs.
3. Can provide suggestions regarding analogy to advance user learning abilities.
4. Can provide guidance for design decisions, make design choices and assumptions explicit (helps in designing rational designs)

Read also : Variety of Dialogues Human and Computer Interaction

Job Models

This model defines the application work’s syntactic and semantic aspects and is generally expressed in grammatical form.

1. The aspects/stages in the Work model are as follows:

2. Purpose and intent. What do you want to do in using the system?

3. Action sequence specifications. Psychological representation of the action to be performed on the system.

4. Mapping goals and objectives in action sequences. Action Sequence:

• Interpretation of goals and intent
• Control mechanism
• Physical manipulation

5. System state. Value of all physical variables.

6. Control mechanism. Control physical variables.

7. Mapping the mechanism and state of the system. The relationship between mechanism mapping and system state.

8. System state interaction. The relationship between the state of the system and the goal.

9. Evaluation of results. System interpretation of the initial goal.

Read also : Basic Concepts of Human and Computer Interaction

Interaction Models

The things we need to know in this interaction model are that this model is derived from the user regarding the set of strategies, heuristics, and knowledge of the system and its interface.