Ergonomic Aspects of Human and Computer Interaction

Thebestindonesia.com – We often use the term ergonomics in any field of work which certainly has a real influence on the problem of increasing or decreasing efficiency and effectiveness. Ergonomics is a factor of work comfort. Ergonomics is the study of human nature and limitations that are used to design work systems so that the system can work properly. It can also be said that the application of economics is a form of ESHCE conditions, namely effective, safe, healthy, comfortable, and efficient, as well as physical aspects that support creating a comfortable work environment.

And some mean that ergonomics is a science that studies the interaction between humans and other elements in a system, as well as a profession that practices theory, principles, data, and methods in designing to optimize systems to suit human needs, weaknesses, and skills. Ergonomic factors are needed in HCI because humans work in front of computers for a long time, so ergonomics make users comfortable, safe, and efficient in working and interacting.

Ergonomics is the science that discovers and collects information about human behavior, abilities, limitations, and characteristics for designing machines, equipment, work systems, and productive, safe, comfortable, and effective environments for humans. Ergonomics is a systematic branch of science to utilize information about human nature, human capabilities, and limitations to design a sound work system so that goals can be achieved effectively, safely, and comfortably (Sutalaksana, 1979).

According to Cormick and Sanders (1992), the main focus of ergonomic considerations is to consider the human element in the design of objects, work procedures, and work environment. At the same time, the method of approach is to study human relations, work, and supporting facilities, hoping to prevent the fatigue that occurs as early as possible due to the wrong attitude or work position.

For this reason, it is necessary to have supporting data such as the size of body parts that are relevant to activity demands associated with the profile of the human body, both adults, children or the elderly, men and women, whole or disabled, fat or thin. Thus, human characteristics greatly influence design in increasing human work productivity to achieve effective, healthy, safe, and comfortable goals. This goal can be achieved with knowledge about the suitability, precision, safety, security, and human comfort in using the design product results, which are then developed in investigations in
ergonomics.

Several important aspects in terms of ergonomics, namely:

Workstation

A computer system that is used for someone.

Aspects that affect the workstation:

• Work environment (related to workplace conditions, benefits).
• Duration of work (related to time).
• Type of work (related to work results). d. Psychological burden (related to the emotions and feelings of workers).

Work station utilization

a. Data entry (Data Entry)

For work related to hard copy, the operator will spend far more time typing than looking at the display screen.

Read also : Interface Design Phases

b. Data Acquisition

Work related to hard copy, where the operator has much to do with the display screen.

Factors that influence work discomfort:

• Visual load. Provides a display screen with OK character quality.
• Muscle load.
• Interactive work.
• Word processing jobs.

Lighting

The lighting factor is a problem that is closely related to one’s work comfort.

Lighting design objectives:

• Protect the user from direct bright light or its reflection.
• Obtain a balance between the display screen’s brightness (brightness) and the brightness in front of the user.
• Avoid direct light or reflected light hitting the display screen directly.
• Provides confidence that there is sufficient lighting for work not using the display screen.

Ergonomic Aspect:

• Installed an anti-light filter.
• Precise light control.

Air quality and temperature

Ergonomic Aspects: Using air temperature controllers placed in unique rooms that need them.

Read also : Interaction Design

Sound interference

Ergonomic Aspect:

• Masking technique: A strategy that raises a voice to control sound disturbances.
• Control transient sound (high and low sound).

Occupational health and safety

Aspects of health and work significantly affect a person’s performance. For this reason, this factor needs special attention from the user.

Work habits

Ergonomic aspects:

• Work as relaxed as possible and in the correct position.
• Change sitting position to prevent muscle fatigue.
• Take short breaks periodically.
• Try not to type for long periods.